The ankle is a vital joint that connects the foot and leg, playing a crucial role in movement, balance, stability, and propulsion. Comprising three primary joints, it allows for flexibility and adaptability during walking, running, and other physical activities. Any injury or condition affecting the ankle can significantly impact mobility and daily life, making accurate diagnosis and effective treatment essential.

Anatomy of the Ankle

The ankle is a complex structure made up of 26 bones, 33 joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, nerves, and soft tissues. These components work together to provide support, movement, and weight-bearing functions. The major bones forming the ankle joint include:

• Tibia (Shin Bone): The main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg.
• Fibula: The smaller bone running alongside the tibia, providing additional support.
• Talus: The bone in the foot that connects with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint.

The ankle joint is stabilized by multiple ligaments, which prevent excessive movement and provide support, and tendons, which connect muscles to bones, allowing movement.